Civil Society and Social Movements: Mobilization, Repression, and Democratic Change

Civil society organizations and social movements can broaden participation, challenge government policy, and defend political rights, but they also face legal, political, and physical constraints. This panel invites papers on civic mobilization across Asian contexts, including its organization, resources, tactics, and impact. Contributions may examine protest movements, advocacy networks, labor and student activism, digital organizing, state repression, and the changing boundaries between civic action and formal politics.